) Dependency ratiostotal dependency ratio: 50. 6youth dependency ratio: 21. 7elderly dependency ratio: 28. 9potential support ratio: 3. 5 (2020 est. )total dependency ratio: 46. 9youth dependency ratio: 22elderly dependency ratio: 30. 8potential support ratio: 3. 2 (2020 est. ) Government Country nameconventional long form: Republic of Austriaconventional short form: Austrialocal long form: Republik Oesterreichlocal short form: Oesterreichetymology: the name Oesterreich means "eastern realm" or "eastern march" and dates to the 10th century; the designation refers to the fact that Austria was the easternmost extension of Bavaria, and, in fact, of all the Germans; the word Austria is a Latinization of the German nameconventional long form: noneconventional short form: Hungarylocal long form: nonelocal short form: Magyarorszagformer: Kingdom of Hungary, Hungarian People's Republic, Hungarian Soviet Republic, Hungarian Republicetymology: the Byzantine Greeks refered to the tribes that arrived on the steppes of Eastern Europe in the 9th century as the "Oungroi, " a name that was later Latinized to "Ungri" and which became "Hungari"; the name originally meant an "[alliance of] ten tribes"; the Hungarian name "Magyarorszag" means "Country of the Magyars"; the term may derive from the most prominent of the Hungarian tribes, the Megyer Government typefederal parliamentary republicparliamentary republic Capitalname: Viennageographic coordinates: 48 12 N, 16 22 Etime difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in Octoberetymology: the origin of the name is disputed but may derive from earlier settlements of the area; a Celtic town of Vedunia, established about 500 B.
)$686. 196 billion (2018 est. )$123. 256 billion (2019 est. )$125. 29 billion (2018 est. ) Exchange rateseuros (EUR) per US dollar -0. 82771 (2020 est. )0. 90338 (2019 est. 87789 (2018 est. 885 (2014 est. 7634 (2013 est. )forints (HUF) per US dollar -295. 3276 (2020 est. )299. 4939 (2019 est. )283. 5923 (2018 est. )279. 33 (2014 est.
A constitutional law that same year declared the country's "perpetual neutrality" as a condition for Soviet military withdrawal. The Soviet Union's collapse in 1991 and Austria's entry into the EU in 1995 have altered the meaning of this neutrality. A prosperous, democratic country, Austria entered the EU Economic and Monetary Union in 1999. Hungary became a Christian kingdom in A. D. 1000 and for many centuries served as a bulwark against Ottoman Turkish expansion in Europe. The kingdom eventually became part of the polyglot Austro-Hungarian Empire, which collapsed during World War I. The country fell under communist rule following World War II.
2%, Russian 1. 3%, French 1. 2%, other 4. 2%; note - shares sum to more than 100% because some respondents gave more than one answer on the census; Hungarian is the mother tongue of 98. 9% of Hungarian speakers (2011 est. )major-language sample(s): A World Factbook nélkülözhetetlen forrása az alapveto információnak. (Hungarian)The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)total: 16 yearsmale: 16 yearsfemale: 16 years (2018)total: 15 yearsmale: 15 yearsfemale: 15 years (2018) Education expenditures5.
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276 billion (2019 est. )$247. 225 billion (2018 est. )$235. 385 billion (2017 est. )$159. 63 billion (2019 est. )$148. 471 billion (2018 est. )$138. 773 billion (2017 est. ) Imports - commoditiescars, vehicle parts, broadcasting equipment, refined petroleum, packaged medical supplies (2019)cars and vehicle parts, integrated circuits, packaged medicines, broadcasting equipment, crude petroleum (2019) Imports - partnersGermany 39%, Italy 7%, Czechia 5% (2019)Germany 25%, China 6%, Poland 6%, Austria 6%, Czechia 5%, Slovakia 5%, Italy 5%, Netherlands 5% (2019) Debt - external$688. 434 billion (2019 est.
Southern Germany and Austria, including the Eastern Alps
govhttps://hu. gov/ Flag descriptionthree equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and red; the flag design is certainly one of the oldest - if not the oldest - national banners in the world; according to tradition, in 1191, following a fierce battle in the Third Crusade, Duke Leopold V of Austria's white tunic became completely blood-spattered; upon removal of his wide belt or sash, a white band was revealed; the red-white-red color combination was subsequently adopted as his bannerthree equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and green; the flag dates to the national movement of the 18th and 19th centuries, and fuses the medieval colors of the Hungarian coat of arms with the revolutionary tricolor form of the French flag; folklore attributes virtues to the colors: red for strength, white for faithfulness, and green for hope; alternatively, the red is seen as being for the blood spilled in defense of the land, white for freedom, and green for the pasturelands that make up so much of the country National anthemname: "Bundeshymne" (Federal Hymn)lyrics/music: Paula von PRERADOVIC/Wolfgang Amadeus MOZART or Johann HOLZER (disputed)note: adopted 1947; the anthem is also known as "Land der Berge, Land am Strome" (Land of the Mountains, Land by the River); Austria adopted a new national anthem after World War II to replace the former imperial anthem composed by Franz Josef HAYDN, which had been appropriated by Germany in 1922 and was thereafter associated with the Nazi regime; a gendered version of the lyrics was adopted by the Austrian Federal Assembly in fall 2011 and became effective 1 January 2012name: "Himnusz" (Hymn)lyrics/music: Ferenc KOLCSEY/Ferenc ERKELnote: adopted 1844 International law organization participationaccepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; accepts ICCt jurisdictionaccepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICC jurisdiction National symbol(s)eagle, edelweiss, Alpine gentian; national colors: red, whiteHoly Crown of Hungary (Crown of Saint Stephen); national colors: red, white, green Citizenshipcitizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Austriadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 10 yearscitizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Hungarydual citizenship recognized: yesresidency requirement for naturalization: 8 years Economy Economy - overviewAustria is a well-developed market economy with skilled labor force and high standard of living.
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Since 2010, the government has backpedaled on many economic reforms and taken a more populist approach towards economic management. The government has favored national industries and government-linked businesses through legislation, regulation, and public procurements. In 2011 and 2014, Hungary nationalized private pension funds, which squeezed financial service providers out of the system, but also helped Hungary curb its public debt and lower its budget deficit to below 3% of GDP, as subsequent pension contributions have been channeled into the state-managed pension fund.
)<. ) Nationalitynoun: Austrian(s)adjective: Austriannoun: Hungarian(s)adjective: Hungarian Ethnic groupsAustrian 80. 8%, German 2. 6%, Bosnian and Herzegovinian 1. 9%, Turkish 1. 8%, Serbian 1. 6%, Romanian 1. 3%, other 10% (2018 est. )note: data represent population by country of birthHungarian 85. 6%, Romani 3. 2%, German 1. 9%, other 2. 6%, unspecified 14. 1% (2011 est.
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) Sanitation facility accessimproved: urban: 100% of populationrural: 100% of populationtotal: 100% of populationunimproved: urban: 0% of populationrural: 0% of populationtotal: 0% of population (2017 est. ) Major cities - population1. 945 million VIENNA (capital) (2021)1. 772 million BUDAPEST (capital) (2021) Maternal mortality rate5 deaths/100, 000 live births (2017 est.
Austria elected a new pro-business government in October 2017 that campaigned on promises to reduce bureaucracy, improve public sector efficiency, reduce labor market protections, and provide positive investment incentives. Hungary has transitioned from a centrally planned to a market-driven economy with a per capita income approximately two thirds of the EU-28 average; however, in recent years the government has become more involved in managing the economy. Budapest has implemented unorthodox economic policies to boost household consumption and has relied on EU-funded development projects to generate growth. Following the fall of communism in 1990, Hungary experienced a drop-off in exports and financial assistance from the former Soviet Union. Hungary embarked on a series of economic reforms, including privatization of state-owned enterprises and reduction of social spending programs, to shift from a centrally planned to a market-driven economy, and to reorient its economy towards trade with the West.
4% of GDP (2017)4. 7% of GDP (2017) Urbanizationurban population: 59% of total population (2021)rate of urbanization: 0. 68% annual rate of change (2020-25 est. )urban population: 72. 2% of total population (2021)rate of urbanization: 0. 05% annual rate of change (2020-25 est. ) Drinking water sourceimproved: urban: 100% of populationrural: 100% of populationtotal: 100% of populationunimproved: urban: 0% of populationrural: 0% of populationtotal: 0% of population (2017 est. )improved: urban: 100% of populationrural: 100% of populationtotal: 100% of populationunimproved: urban: 0% of populationrural: 0% of populationtotal: 0% of population (2017 est.
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2%, The Greens 13. 9%, NEOS 8. 1%, other 3. 1%; seats by party - OeVP 71, SPOe 40, FPOe 31, The Greens 26, NEOS 15; composition - men 115, women 68, percent of women 37. 2%; note - total Federal Assembly percent of women 34. 8% (e. 2019)description: unicameral National Assembly or Orszaggyules (199 seats; 106 members directly elected in single-member constituencies by simple majority vote and 93 members directly elected in a single nationwide constituency by party list proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms)elections: last held on 8 April 2018 (next to be held in April 2022)election results: percent of vote by party list - Fidesz-KDNP 49.
)note: percentages add up to more than 100% because respondents were able to identify more than one ethnic group; Romani populations are usually underestimated in official statistics and may represent 5-10% of Hungary's population HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS7, 400 (2017 est. )3, 700 (2018 est.
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